India+Pakistan+Conflict

**Updated 1/29/09 by Krystina w/ a ‘k’ **     -Britain carved the Muslim state of Pakistan out of Indian territory. The Hindu Kashmir gave it to India, but Pakistan did not recognize that action, so they have fought 2 wars over Kashmir since. They also don’t get along because India helped Bangladesh become independent of Pakistan in 1971. -India and Pakistan said they’d resolve it peacefully, but haven’t made much progress.  Pakistan wants to allow Kashmiris to decide who should rule them. India agreed at first, but not now. Kashmir's separatist movement killed thousands of Indians since 1990. India accuses Pakistan of supporting their militarily, but Pakistan says it only provides political support. · 12 Mar ‘93- Series of 13 bombs kill 257 · 06 Dec ‘02- Bomb in a bus in Ghatkopar kills 2 · 27 Jan ‘03- Bomb on a bicycle in Vile Parle kills 1 · 14 Mar ‘03- Bomb in a train in Mulund kills 10 · <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">28 Jul ‘03- Bomb  in a bus in Ghatkopar kills 4 ·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">25 Aug ‘03- Two Bombs in cars by the Gateway of India and Zaveri //Bazaar// kill <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.35pt;">50 <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> ·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">11 Jul ‘06 - Series of seven bombs in trains kill 209 ·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">26-29 Nov ‘08- Coordinated series of attacks kill at least 188 people, including 31 foreign nationals, at least 293 injured. <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">-29th: Indian security forces, Operation Black Tornado, regain control of attack sites <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">-The U S, Australia, Britain, Israel, and Malaysian authorities sent FBI or other <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.1pt;">federal officials to support India and probe into the attacks <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: 0.05pt;">-First, Deccan Mujahideen claimed <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">responsibility. Later, Azam Amir Kasav, the single terrorist who was captured alive, disclosed, but no official group proven responsible <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">-On 4 December ‘08, US told Pakistan that they have <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">proof of terrorist group Lashkar-e-Taiba's (LET) role and sought the arrest of its chief, Hafeez Sayeed <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">
 * India Pakistan Conflicts (especially Mumbai) **
 * __ Background __**** : **
 * __<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Attacks on Mumbai __****<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">: **

__** <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">-Lashkar-e-Taiba (LET) -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Its <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> primary objective is to end Indian rule in Kashmir. -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Founded by Hafiz Muhammad Saeed in the Kunar province of <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Afghanistan. -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Based in the part of Kashmir administered by Pakistan -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Banned as a terrorist org. by India, Pakistan, the U S, the United Kingdom, the EU, Russia and Australia -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Suspected of receiving encouragement from parts of Pakistani state to wage jihad in Kashmir and other parts of India, like Mumbai. <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Huge parts (mostly around Afghanistan) are under the control of <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">local tribesmen, the Taliban, al-Qaeda or a mixture of all three; Outsiders call it a failed state. <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">America's ally, but maintains links with the Taliban in Afghanistan, as a way to thwart a perceived Indian plan of strategic encirclement. <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">Good harbor for terrorists, and many nationals have supported them <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Presi <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">dent [|Asif Ali Zardari] said his government will act against those responsible for attacks, provided there was evidence. <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: Symbol; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;">·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Admitted that India had “provided significant proof” of the involvement of Pakistan nationals, but says they acted without state support ·<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">As a result of evidence: Outlawed Jamaat-ud-Dawa(which was a front for the terrorist group that nurtured the Mumbai attackers), closed some camps and arrested scores of people, but never handed over one of its nationals to India for trial- Pakistan wants to prosecute the guilty itself <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ** What Now? ** -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">When terrorists attacked the seat of India's Parliament in December 2001, the two countries mobilized their armies and came close to war. This time India has shown forbearance and diplomacy. -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Indian Prime <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Minister [|Manmohan Singh] on Nov. 27 said India will “go after” individuals and organizations behind the assault -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">India wants to prosecute those guilty of Mumbai attacks found in Pakistan, wants extradition -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">India says it does not intend to go to war with Pakistan, but <span style="font-size: 13pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">if it is hit by terrorism again, it may unsheathe some of the weaponry it will display on Republic Day. <span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;"> -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">If India strikes militarily, it will rally Pakistan behind its army, bolster the country’s extremists and undermine its democratic government. (Their missles aren’t so great anyway, may miss like in test) -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">India and Pakistan have nuclear weapons, Conflict affects the stability and economic potential of that region, which has over a billion people. <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black;">Disputed territory includes parts claimed by China, another nuclear power <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> -<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 7pt; line-height: normal; font-size-adjust: none; font-stretch: normal; -x-system-font: none;"> <span style="font-size: 13pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">America is India’s ally, but needs Pakistan’s help in Afghanistan, where the it’s still struggling with the Taliban (About three-quarters of the food, fuel and other provisions that supply American troops pass through Pakistan) <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> **<span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Occupied by **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">India <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Jammu <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">~3 million <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">30% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">66% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Kashmir Valley <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">~4 million <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">95% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">4%* <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Ladakh <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">~0.25 million <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">46% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">50% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Pakistan <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Northern Areas <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">~1 million <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">99% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Azad Kashmir <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">~2.6 million <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">100% <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">China <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Aksai Chin <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> || <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">– <span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||
 * __<span style="font-size: 14pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Bad Guys: LET
 * __<span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">Pakistan: __**<span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.05pt;"> <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; color: black; letter-spacing: -0.1pt;">
 * <span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 115%; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Issues for all involved: **
 * <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Area **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||
 * <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">Population **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||
 * <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">% Muslim **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||
 * <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">% Hindi **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||
 * <span style="font-size: 11.5pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";">% Bud **<span style="font-size: 12pt; font-family: "Times New Roman","serif";"> ||